Alcohol Is The Biggest Killer Of Young People - 1566 Words

Just as Vodka is the drink often associated with Russian culture, Guinness dark stout beer is the drink often associated with Irish culture. This culture is often known for heavy drinking and friendly pubs. Irish whiskey such as Jameson is proudly consumed and exported. Alcohol is the biggest killer of young people in Ireland and many are impacted by their parents drinking. One person dies every seven hours due to alcohol in Ireland. Nine out of ten public order crimes in Ireland are alcohol related and one tenth of the health budget is spent on dealing with alcohol related harm. Studies conducted at universities in Ireland found that drinking behaviors were impacted by having fathers or older siblings with drinking problems. The environment the child grows up in can be highly influential in the child’s attitudes toward alcohol and what they think is normal, and this applies in any culture. One of the most attractive parts of Irish culture is the local pub. The pub has always been known as a place to get together, meet friends, and begin romantic relationships. Tourists from all over the world flood to Dublin during Saint Patrick’s Day to walk the famed O’Connell Street just to involve themselves in the binge drinking tradition and pay a visit to the famed pubs so well known in Irish culture. The pub tradition is just as prominent in Scottish and English culture. Underage drinking is a normal occurrence and widely accepted in these cultures. Germany has a long history ofShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Drinking And Driving1648 Words   |  7 Pagesthe fact of the matter is drinking and Driving is one of the biggest killers of many young Americans these days. What drives many people to drink and drive? Do they do because of the peer pressure or maybe because they think it makes them look cool? 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The Effect Of Antimicrobials On P. Acnes Biofilm Formation

4.0 Discussion Despite the ubiquitous presence of P. acnes on human tissues, information about its role in human diseases still remains debated (Portillo et al. 2013). Several studies have reported the ability of this organism to act as an opportunistic pathogen, with suggested pathological roles in a variety of inflammatory diseases such as acne vulgaris and discitis (Achermann et al. 2014, Rollason et al. 2013). Studies have revealed that this organism comprises of several distinct evolutionary clades which have been further discriminated based on Multilocus sequence typing into phylogenetically distinct clusters (type IA, IB, IC, II, and III) (Kilian et al. 2012). These clades differ in their production of virulence factors which can†¦show more content†¦Resistance patterns comprise both isolates with moderately increased MICs and isolates with very high MICs (Oprica et al. 2006). In this study, low level resistance to vancomycin due to a slightly increased MIC (2  µg/ml) was observed in type IB (90) isolate and also reduced susceptibility to tetracycline due to a slightly increased MIC (2  µg/ml) was observed in types IA1 (35), IA1 (56), and AC (7) test isolates. Literatures have reported the emergence of resistance of types (IA and IB) associated with moderate to severe acnes (Oprica et al. 2004, Nord and Oprica 2006). Resistance to tetracycline occurs due to a single G-C transition in the 16S rRNA of the small ribosomal subunit in P. acnes (Ross et al. 1998, Nonaka et al. 2005). Nakase et al. (2014) reported that tetracycline resistance can also arise as a result of mutation of drug binding sites, ribosomal protection or increased efflux pump activities Resistance of planktonic acne isolates to vancomycin has not been reported (Oprica and Nord 2005, Piggott et al. 2016). Tetracycline has been reported to penetrate bacterial cell wall by an energy dependent process. It then binds reversibly to the 30S ribosomal subunit thus preventing the attachment of amino acyl-tRNA to the ribosomal acceptor A-site in the RNA-ribosome complex (Kohanski et al. 2010) was bacteriostatic at all concentrations tested in the MBC assay.

Business level Free Essays

Business Purposes P5 Criteria â€Å"Explain the characteristics of the local business environment. † Define a local government. Identify the departments within a local government and explain its general purpose. We will write a custom essay sample on Business level or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Why is it beneficial for local residents to have specialist departments within the local government? ) Name your local government, mention the: Number of ethnic minorities. What is the impact of this on the local area? (Mention more incentive for businesses to start up in the area)(lnformation is available on Redbridge website). Number of shopping centre’s. What is the impact of these on the local area? (mention job increase-Information is available on Redbridge website). Number underground and train facilities. What is the impact of this on the local area? (mention- people can commute out of the area to study and find a Job- Information is available on Redbridge website). What has your local government recently introduced into the area? How has this improved the local economic wellbeing, especially during the period of recession? ention shopping centre’s) Save in your area the following file TaiYear 12 Level 2 the consultation draft. On pages 27 and 28 there are 2 bar charts, which you need to add to your assignments. Once you have copied these into your assignments you need to analyse them. What has happened to Redbridge in the last 10 years? What sector is more dominant in Redbridge? (How could Redbridge council encourage more of those businesses to start up in the area? ) What is the rate of unemployment in Redbridge? Which business industrial sectors are growing in Redbridge? What industrial sectors are declining in Redbridge? What is happening to average earnings in Redbridge? What is happening to the growth of businesses in Redbridge? What is the local borough doing to support businesses? How is this helping the local area? Talk about at least two things in detail. Conclude your findings. (Do you think your local government is helping to promote economic wellbeing in the local area? ) How to cite Business level, Papers

Black Colleges Essay Research Paper In the free essay sample

Black Colleges Essay, Research Paper In the universe we live in today a individual can about take any college or university they want to to go on their instruction upon graduation from high school. It truly doesn # 8217 ; t affair if it is a four twelvemonth, two twelvemonth, or proficient school, there is a school for any individual in any major. What draws a individual to go to one certain sort of school compared to another? In this instance why is at that place an addition in Black pupils go toing Black colleges in the past decennary? One might state, Well how can you state that more pupils are acquiring into these colleges, instead than these schools accepting an increased figure of pupils each twelvemonth? These are all of import inquiries to inquire, and there are legion grounds and causes for schools to increase the figure of pupils they allow and the figure of pupils desiring to go to these colleges. We will write a custom essay sample on Black Colleges Essay Research Paper In the or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I have an older brother and an older sister who both attend a historically black college ( HBCU ) , Cardinal State University in Wlberforce, Ohio. I have ever had a womb-to-tomb dream of go toing an HBCU. In fact I was accepted to both Virginia Union in Richmond and North Carolina A A ; T in Greensboro before I was accepted into Wright State University. My chief ground for desiring to go to these schools was the history that they have and the manner they made me experience when I went for visits. Those are my personal grounds for desiring to go to these schools, but there are more than personal grounds people are get downing to hold a higher involvement in go toing these schools. Lowery 2 For the past three old ages my church back place in Columbus has held an one-year Black College Tour. It is designed to earn the involvement of the immature people at my church and all about Columbus in HBCU # 8217 ; s. I was a pupil the first twelvemonth and a chaperone the last two. In sing these schools one can happen that the disposal at these colleges and universities do anything they can to acquire you admitted to these schools. Almost all of them are rated among the best schools in the state, excessively. These are no little clip schools. Some pupils are happening it easier to travel to HBCU # 8217 ; s because of the recent Supreme Court opinions on Affirmative Action. They feel that it will be harder for them to hold an equal opportunity of being accepted to non Black colleges and universities. Most of those people don # 8217 ; t want to set up with all the muss that goes on in those universities today, where even still, in 1997, people are admitted because of physical visual aspects and non mental capablenesss ( Straight Talk 122 123 ) . Talking in those footings people merely do non desire to cover with downright racism. Some HBCU # 8217 ; s in countries with tonss of non Black colleges normally have increased registration due to past histories and events that happened at the schools. An illustration was in Florida in 1988. Incidents of racism on the major White college campuses caused a 19 per centum addition at Florida A A ; M University in Tallahassee, another HBCU. It was recorded as the largest addition in registration of any of the colleges in the province. Of the 1,876 coeds in the system, 1,327 were enrolled at Florida A A ; M, while the other universities enrolled the remainder ( Racism 22 ) . Even now Florida A A ; M has increased registration at the school. They reported about 100 more fresher in this twelvemonth # 8217 ; s category than last twelvemonth # 8217 ; s ( Geraghty A46 ) . There are some pupils who are get downing to go to HBCU # 8217 ; s because of their feeling of want of black civilization in their lives. In an article in The Lowery 3 Black Collegian last twelvemonth, a immature adult male, merely mentioning to himself as The Invisible Man to readers, wrote to the editor about go toing an HBCU after holding gone to preponderantly White schools all of his life. He chose to go to a Black school because, I felt really intimidated by my ignorance of Black history, civilization, linguistic communication, and everything else that I have missed in my old instruction ( qtd. in Parker 21 ) . After go toing his first semester in school, Invisible Man found he was what he called a Cultural Zombie. He chose to remain at the school to educate himself about the civilization that he was left in the cold by his household. He says his household is Black, but neer emphasized being black and the civilization that comes with it. One thing he say # 8217 ; s he has learned from his nameless school is who he is and his function as an African American male ( Parker 21 ) . The one chief cause for increased registration in HBCU s is the attending pupils get from people they feel understand them. Most Black colleges have that cordial reception factor that a individual can t acquire on a bigger campus. Even the bigger Black universities recognize this helps pupils achieve better. Black pupils are get downing to recognize that the pupils who attend these colleges display greater additions in academic accomplishment, higher rates of Bachelor # 8217 ; s Degree attainment, greater societal integrating, and higher occupational aspirations than those Black pupils who attend preponderantly White establishments. Blacks at HBCU s study being recognized, encouraged, and engaged in all facets of campus life, unlike Black pupils on White campuses, who report frequently feeling alienated and fringy ( McDonough 10 ) . An illustration of the cordial reception factor I referred to earlier is from a bantam Black school in E Texas called Jarvis Christian School. In an article in The Chronicle of Higher Education, Pam Taylor, a senior at the school said, If Lowery 4 your discouraged and you don # 8217 ; t cognize if you can maintain traveling your instructors are at that place to pick you up ( Managan A8 ) . I # 8217 ; ve got spring febrility bad right now, and I can name my instructor and she ll speak me into acquiring to category. I can speak to her about anything school assignment, work forces, anything, she continued ( Managan A8 ) . It does non go on merely when you get at that place either. Administrators at Tennessee State and Florida A A ; M say that an of import technique in maintaining their registration Numberss up has been to name pupils who have been admitted and speak to them about what the university has to offer ( Geraghty A46 ) . Even though HBCU # 8217 ; s represent less than 4 per centum of all U.S. colleges, they enroll 20 per centum of all Black undergraduates and present about 33 per centum of all African American Baccalaureate grades. All of this despite anticipations in the 1960 # 8217 ; s that improved entree at preponderantly White schools would bespeak the terminal of HBCU # 8217 ; s. Registrations at these schools has been systematically up since 1976, and in the period between 1987 1991 entirely, Black college registration rose about 10,000 pupils per twelvemonth ( McDonough 10 11 ) . All of this goes to demo that because of societal, political, and economic causes in the universe today, these figures are bantam compared to what # 8217 ; s projected to happen. And as more and more Black pupils become cognizant of what these colleges hold to offer them, whether it be personal or fiscal, some of these preponderantly White schools will be hurting for Black pupils, from which we might see the beginning of a new tendency, the program to end or seek to wholly segregate Historically Black Colleges and Universities. Lowery 5 Brian Lowery Lowery 1 May 7, 1997 Kennedy Eng. 102 05 The Increase in Enrollment in Historically Black Colleges and Universities In the universe we live in today a individual can about take any college or university they want to to go on their instruction upon graduation from high school. It truly doesn # 8217 ; t affair if it is a four twelvemonth, two twelvemonth, or proficient school, there is a school for any individual in any major. What draws a individual to go to one certain sort of school compared to another? In this instance why is there an addition in Black pupils go toing Black colleges in the past decennary? One might state, Well how can you state that more pupils are acquiring into these colleges, instead than these schools accepting an increased figure of pupils each twelvemonth? These are all of import inquiries to inquire, and there are legion grounds and causes for lt ;< p>schools to increase the figure of pupils they allow and the figure of pupils desiring to go to these colleges. I have an older brother and an older sister who both attend a historically black college ( HBCU ) , Central State University in Wlberforce, Ohio. I have ever had a womb-to-tomb dream of go toing an HBCU. In fact I was accepted to both Virginia Union in Richmond and North Carolina A A ; T in Greensboro before I was accepted into Wright State University. My chief ground for desiring to go to these schools was the history that they have and the manner they made me experience when I went for visits. Those are my personal grounds for desiring to go to these schools, but there are more than personal grounds people are get downing to hold a higher involvement in go toing these schools. Lowery 2 For the past three old ages my church back place in Columbus has held an one-year Black College Tour. It is designed to earn the involvement of the immature people at my church and all about Columbus in HBCU # 8217 ; s. I was a pupil the first twelvemonth and a chaperone the last two. In sing these schools one can happen that the disposal at these colleges and universities do anything they can to acquire you admitted to these schools. Almost all of them are rated among the best schools in the state, excessively. These are no little clip schools. Some pupils are happening it easier to travel to HBCU # 8217 ; s because of the recent Supreme Court opinions on Affirmative Action. They feel that it will be harder for them to hold an equal opportunity of being accepted to non Black colleges and universities. Most of those people don # 8217 ; t want to set up with all the muss that goes on in those universities today, where even still, in 1997, people are admitted because of physical visual aspects and non mental capablenesss ( Straight Talk 122 123 ) . Talking in those footings people merely do non desire to cover with downright racism. Some HBCU # 8217 ; s in countries with tonss of non Black colleges normally have increased registration due to past histories and events that happened at the schools. An illustration was in Florida in 1988. Incidents of racism on the major White college campuses caused a 19 per centum addition at Florida A A ; M University in Tallahassee, another HBCU. It was recorded as the largest addition in registration of any of the colleges in the province. Of the 1,876 coeds in the system, 1,327 were enrolled at Florida A A ; M, while the other universities enrolled the remainder ( Racism 22 ) . Even now Florida A A ; M has increased registration at the school. They reported about 100 more fresher in this twelvemonth # 8217 ; s category than last twelvemonth # 8217 ; s ( Geraghty A46 ) . There are some pupils who are get downing to go to HBCU # 8217 ; s because of their feeling of want of black civilization in their lives. In an article in The Lowery 3 Black Collegian last twelvemonth, a immature adult male, merely mentioning to himself as The Invisible Man to readers, wrote to the editor about go toing an HBCU after holding gone to preponderantly White schools all of his life. He chose to go to a Black school because, I felt really intimidated by my ignorance of Black history, civilization, linguistic communication, and everything else that I have missed in my old instruction ( qtd. in Parker 21 ) . After go toing his first semester in school, Invisible Man found he was what he called a Cultural Zombie. He chose to remain at the school to educate himself about the civilization that he was left in the cold by his household. He says his household is Black, but neer emphasized being black and the civilization that comes with it. One thing he say # 8217 ; s he has learned from his nameless school is who he is and his function as an African American male ( Parker 21 ) . The one chief cause for increased registration in HBCU s is the attending pupils get from people they feel understand them. Most Black colleges have that cordial reception factor that a individual can t acquire on a bigger campus. Even the bigger Black universities recognize this helps pupils achieve better. Black pupils are get downing to recognize that the pupils who attend these colleges display greater additions in academic accomplishment, higher rates of Bachelor # 8217 ; s Degree attainment, greater societal integrating, and higher occupational aspirations than those Black pupils who attend preponderantly White establishments. Blacks at HBCU s study being recognized, encouraged, and engaged in all facets of campus life, unlike Black pupils on White campuses, who report frequently feeling alienated and fringy ( McDonough 10 ) . An illustration of the cordial reception factor I referred to earlier is from a bantam Black school in E Texas called Jarvis Christian School. In an article in The Chronicle of Higher Education, Pam Taylor, a senior at the school said, If Lowery 4 your discouraged and you don # 8217 ; t cognize if you can maintain traveling your instructors are at that place to pick you up ( Managan A8 ) . I # 8217 ; ve got spring febrility bad right now, and I can name my instructor and she ll speak me into acquiring to category. I can speak to her about anything school assignment, work forces, anything, she continued ( Managan A8 ) . It does non go on merely when you get at that place either. Administrators at Tennessee State and Florida A A ; M say that an of import technique in maintaining their registration Numberss up has been to name pupils who have been admitted and speak to them about what the university has to offer ( Geraghty A46 ) . Even though HBCU # 8217 ; s represent less than 4 per centum of all U.S. colleges, they enroll 20 per centum of all Black undergraduates and present about 33 per centum of all African American Baccalaureate grades. All of this despite anticipations in the 1960 # 8217 ; s that improved entree at preponderantly White schools would bespeak the terminal of HBCU # 8217 ; s. Registrations at these schools has been systematically up since 1976, and in the period between 1987 1991 entirely, Black college registration rose about 10,000 pupils per twelvemonth ( McDonough 10 11 ) . All of this goes to demo that because of societal, political, and economic causes in the universe today, these figures are bantam compared to what # 8217 ; s projected to happen. And as more and more Black pupils become cognizant of what these colleges hold to offer them, whether it be personal or fiscal, some of these preponderantly White schools will be hurting for Black pupils, from which we might see the beginning of a new tendency, the program to end or seek to wholly segregate Historically Black Colleges and Universities. Lowery 5 Works Cited McDonough, Patricia M. , Anthony Lising Antonio, James W. Trent. Black Students, Black Colleges: An African American College. Journal For a Just A ; Caring Education. January 1997: 9 36 Geraghty, Mary. On Campuss Coast to Coast, Trends In Freshman Enrollment Vary Widely This Fall. The History of Higher Education. 20 October 1996: A46 Mangan, Katherine S. Reversal at a College In East Texas. The Chronicle of Higher Education. 6 February 1996: A8 Parker, Linda Bates. Campus Advisor Helps Invisible Man. Black Collegian. October 1996: 21 22 Straight Talk From the Top: Presidential Candidates Answer Tough Questions # 8230 ; . Black Collegian. October 1996: 128 Racism on White Campuses Boosts Registration at FAMU. 69c McDonough, Patricia M. , Anthony Lising Antonio, James W. Trent. Black Students, Black Colleges: An African American College. Journal For a Just A ; Caring Education. January 1997: 9 36 Geraghty, Mary. On Campuss Coast to Coast, Trends In Freshman Enrollment Vary Widely This Fall. The History of Higher Education. 20 October 1996: A46 Mangan, Katherine S. Reversal at a College In East Texas. The Chronicle of Higher Education. 6 February 1996: A8 Parker, Linda Bates. Campus Advisor Helps Invisible Man. Black Collegian. October 1996: 21 22 Straight Talk From the Top: Presidential Candidates Answer Tough Questions # 8230 ; . Black Collegian. October 1996: 128 Racism on White Campuses Boosts Registration at FAMU. Jet. 21 November 1988: 22

Download our FREE 4-Year College Application Guide Checklist

To help you navigate the college application process regardless what stage youre in, weve put together year by year PDF guides just for you: Freshman Year Guide (Click here for PDF download)Sophomore Year Guide (Click here for PDF download)Junior Year Guide (Click here for PDF Download)Senior Year Guide (Click here for PDF download) Let us know if you found these guides helpful, and if there are any other resources we can put together for you to make the application process a little easier. Download and save these guides and refer back to them to help plan and strategize your college applications! Let us be your guide to the college application process. Upgrade foraccessto our database of college application files and exclusive admissions data!

Abnormal DNA Methylation in the Human Genome essays

Abnormal DNA Methylation in the Human Genome essays The methylation of DNA serves as one of the most crucial epigenetic modifications of modern day genetics. Methylation and demethylation of DNA have profound effects on cellular differentiation and processes such as transcription, gene expression, chromatin structure, and suppression of invasive and unwanted genes. Many enzymes work coherently to regulate methylation activity, one of the main being DNA methyltransferase. Any disruptions in the methyltransferase pathway can lead to the modification of regular DNA methylation. The modification of these processes can lead to fatal diseases and various types of cancer. The two patterns in which atypical DNA methylation fall are hypermethylation and hypomethylation. Relevantly, the cancer genome is quite regularly marked by the hypermethylation of specific genes simultaneous to the decrease in 5-methyl cytosine levels (hypomethylation). Hypermethylation refers to the over methylation of some genes which results in the repression of transcription. Hypomethylation is a decrease in the methylation of cytosine and adenosine residues in DNA. The decrease in methylation causes the reduction of imprinting and the instability of chromosomal structure. Both patterns of abnormalities of DNA methylation can result in irregulation of gene transcription, which can ultimately lead to the development cancer; however, due to its characteristic of being reversible, modulation of methylation and methyltransferase is an ideal theraputic and epigenetic target for the various cancers that originate from it. DNA methylation was first discovered in 1948, and ever since, has generated a substantial amount of controversy as a result of trying to decipher its significance. The methylation of DNA is a covalent modification which results in the addition of a methyl group to 'the 5th carbon of the cytosine ring. Most of the methylation occurs in the CpG dinucelotide; however, since there can be up to 1...

Role of the Internet in Economic Development and Culture Coursework

Role of the Internet in Economic Development and Culture - Coursework Example The essay will also study how developing countries are using the technology for economic development, and whether a gap is being formed between rich and poor countries due to the advent of this technology. Concepts such as globalization, strategic and international management and marketing, and culture will be delved into with use of established literature where necessary and every effort will be made to provide meaningful conclusions. 2. Evolution of Internet and its impact on culture and businesses At the most basic of levels, the internet can be described as a worldwide network of networks, enabling millions of smaller computers to share information with each other and to share various communications, databases, and transactions. For individual perspective, when one is connected to the internet, he/she can contact anyone else on the internet, can trade or publish ideas, and can sell products with minimum overhead costs (Reedy and Schullo 2004; Trott, 2008). With such flexibility, the internet, and its main application, the World Wide Web (WWW), have given businesses a useful alternative to carry out their operations, which is resulting in increased customer satisfaction, which in turn leads to more measures for the development of ‘online’ businesses. Reedy and Schullo (2004) summarise that the internet as a whole must liken to a toolkit containing multipurpose gadgets with many useful innovations. In order to understand the true potential of the internet, Reedy and Schullo (2004) also suggest that it is vital to also gain knowledge of the origins and evolution of the aforementioned innovations. The advent of the internet as a main personal and commercial tool was a result of the concept of technology transfer, wherein the early 1980’s the initial technology leading to the internet was only used for military and scientific purposes. Later, this initial technology was made open for researchers and businesses to adopt and exploit for further development and innovation, and the internet, as we know it today, was born (Trott 2008). Hence the process of technology transfer is of promoting technical innovation through the transfer of ideas, knowledge, devices, and artifacts from leading businesses, research organizations and academic research to more general and effective application in industry and commerce (Trott 2008). Although the internet has inbuilt weaknesses like security problems, they can manage optimally by successfully implementing the information security policies, including fail-safe Anti-Virus Protection system (Milberg 2000). As a result, it can be inferred that the internet itself has become a safe channel for technology transfer through the efficient and cost-effective manner in which entities can transfer and share information, and also facilitate innovation through such interaction. Apart from technology transfer, by allowing people of different culture to interact in a virtual space, it also leads to t he exchange of cultural information between them.

Fast food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fast food - Essay Example The contemporary world has seen the emergence of a new consumption behavior where the major aspects include up scaling of lifestyle norms, competition for acquiring goods, and disconnect between the consumer desires and incomes. The modern mode of consumption can be referred to as consumer culture where income and wealth determine what people eat. This is because of â€Å"an up-scaling of lifestyle norms, the pervasiveness of conspicuous, status goods and of competition for acquiring them; and the growing disconnect between consumer desires and incomes† (Schor 412). The major reason behind the fast food problem in the U.S is social comparison or competitive consumption. This implies that individuals strain to consume according to the norms of a specific social group with which they identify. In particular, the lifestyles adopted by the rich and the upper middle class individuals have become a prominent point of reference all through the income distribution. From an economic pe rspective, American neighborhoods are homogenous groupings as opposed to the past when individuals used to compare themselves with other individuals of similar income. Such practices reduced the gap between aspirations and means. The opposite of this is usually known as the upscale emulation, which is prevalent in the modern American society. The problems resulting from such lifestyles are magnified further for the low-income households because their income sources are becoming inadequate and erratic. This is because of employment instability and limitations on welfare payments. Research suggests that this can be resolved through psychological independence. However, this might not be the solution since individuals changed due to structural changes that include decline in social connection, growing impact of social media, and intensification of inequality. Therefore, the solution lays both on practical and psychological dimensions. This

Banning of gun ownership in the united states Research Paper

Banning of gun ownership in the united states - Research Paper Example There is a high correlation and strong relationship between higher levels of firearm ownership and higher firearm homicide rates. The states with higher levels of firearm ownership have disproportionally larger number of lethal gun incidents from firearm-related homicides. Gun incidents reported daily through the various mass media channels also accumulate aggressive relationship among hundreds of millions of other Americans. The fear of becoming one of the gun victims acts destructively on society, and people tend to underestimate the risks of gun ownership at home. An idea of self-protection with a gun fails to be successful as a vortex of emotions often doesn’t allow sensibly assess the situation. In addition to the above stated factors, the study reveals that gun ownership right also has oblique economic consequences as governments, companies, and individuals are paying medical expense premiums, escalated due to inflated prices of medical, life, and disability insurance. I n addition to medical and insurance expenditures, firearm also results in increased costs of the work of various regulatory bodies. For today, gun ownership regulation in the United States is relatively lax due to its â€Å"permissive† position and the right for private gun ownership guaranteed by law. There are some obvious gaps and leakage in the gun control regulation and until all the issues are solved and severely regulated, right for gun ownership should be banned. List of illustrations I. Chart 1. Total Number of Gun Deaths in the United States, 1999-2011†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....10 II. Chart 2. Total Number of Gun Homicide Rates in the United States, 1998-2011†¦...10 III. Chart 3. Handgun Homicides in the United States, 1999-2011†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...11 IV. Table 1. Overview of the Mass Gun Massacres in the United States†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..15 Table of Contents Letter of transmittal†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....6 The Second Amendment – a Trigger for Gun Violence†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....7 Lax Gun Regulation in the United States†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 Suicide and Homicide Rates†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 Correlation between Gun Ownership and Homicide and Suicide rates†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...12 Overview of Mass Gun Massacres†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...13 Negative Impact on Society†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.17 Economic Impact of Gun Ownership Rights†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....18 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦19 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.20 Letter of transmittal Date: 03/12/13 Professor†¦ Assistant Professor,†¦ Department of †¦ †¦..university (or other organization) Dear Sir: Subject: Submission of research proposal on â€Å"Ban of Gun Ownership Right in the United States† Here is the research proposal that has been completed by the knowledge that had been gathered through the secondary research method of literature review. I

Relationship Between Feminism And Fashion Cultural Studies Essay

Relationship Between Feminism And Fashion Cultural Studies Essay During this essay I am going to discuss fashion and feminism and the question, can you be a feminist and still be fashionable? I am going to discuss and compare different arguments on the relationship between feminism and fashion. When most people hear the word feminist they automatically draw up a conclusion of tough looking women with short hair, mannish clothes and no bra. The reality is any women can be a feminist whether a school teacher, business women, model or porn star. When feminism first came about during the nineteenth century the main focus was for equal rights for men and women. During this time feminists managed to grant the right for women to vote as well as getting more equal rights in education and the workplace. Although this wave was massively important in equal rights for women there was still a lot of issues unresolved, especially unofficial inequalities. This is where the second wave of feminism comes in. The second wave of feminism, beginning in the 1960s, was concerned with full social and economic equality. During this wave feminists encouraged women to look into aspects of their personal lives and the structure of power. The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan was and still is regarded as one of the most influential books of the 20th century paying great detail to suburban housewives and how unhappy they were, Each women thought she was alone, it was her personal guilt if she didnt have an orgasm waxing the family-room floorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦no matter how much she had wanted that husband, those children, that split level suburban house and the appliances thereof, which were supposed to be the limits of womens dreams in those years after World War II, she sometimes felt the longing for something more. (Friedan, 1963: Chapter 2) The last wave of feminism, the third wave, which started in the 1990s and still affects us today. This wave has two cultures, the first believes all advertisement, media, photography, showing women in a sexual way should be banned. The second believes women are allowed to wear what they want and act as they please and still be highly successful both in the home and workplace. Above is a photograph taken from a collection of photographs for an advertisement campaign by the designer Tom Ford from his Spring/Summer 2008 collection. Tom ford is known for his more provocative advertisement campaigns and for this particular campaign he collaborates with photographer Terry Richardson to feature a collection of photographs featuring both male and female models partaking in different activities, the majority of these done in the nude; more often than not it is the female models that are the naked ones whilst the men are fully clothed dressed in smart, dapper suits. In Italy these advertisements were actually banned for being sexually implicit (Eswaran, 2008)and the IAA (Italian Advertising Institute) said about them that they were Deeply vulgar and went beyond bad taste to actually offend the publics sensibilityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦it does beyond acceptable limits for advertising (Eswaran, 2008)and concluded by saying how the advertisements are an offensive gesture whic h insults women and the dignity of all.'(Eswaran, 2008) The photograph above shows a naked woman ironing a mans trousers, a typical household chore which is stereotyped as a womens job, whilst he stands around waiting for her to finish whilst reading a newspaper. When the advertisements first appeared it sparked a whole new debate on the misogynistic, hatred for women, representations of women. Feminists viewed the photographs as shocking and extremely sexist. Many a comment has also been made on how they represent the post feminism culture in which feminism acts have been weakened by popular culture such as fashion, music and the media. Figure Two. Tom Ford Advertisement S/S 2008 Above is another photograph from the same campaign in which a female model is made to look much like a blow up sex doll. It is also interesting to see how you cannot see her as a whole person, but just certain body parts, making her more to be an object than an actual human being. Now although these images were highly credited as being extremely sexist, one blogger stated how they hate the ones with the naked women being stared at by clothed menthat bothers me.'(Fairy glamour, 2008) and another stating that they are both tasteless and gratuitous (Edanya, 2008) they can also be looked upon in the eyes of the third wave of feminism in which women are allowed to wear what they want and act as they please and still be highly successful both in the home and workplace. Angela McRobbie backs up this idea but saying how feminist views are rather out-dated and the modern women enjoys the freedom of her sexuality and gets the joke (McRobbie, 2007: 33) seeing sexism as almost ironic. Whilst Natasha Walter author of Living Dolls: The return of sexism states that, Since the idea has taken hold that women and men are now equal throughout society, it is seen as unproblematic that women should be relentlessly encouraged to prioritise their sexual attractivenessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦this is a free choice by women who are in all other ways equal to men. (Walter, 2010: 119) Looking at Tom Fords Spring/Summer 2010 advertisement he has done much of the same thing showing a completely naked woman alongside a fully clothed man. The bad press around the 2008 campaign could not have affected him that much if he has gone on to do much of the same thing again. Maybe they are meant to be viewed as a light hearted tongue in cheek joke rather than a misogynistic representation of women. Figure Three. Dolce and Gabbana Advertisement S/S 2010 Above is the next image I am going to discuss, taken from the Dolce Gabbana Spring/Summer 2010 campaign featuring Madonna. The images, which were shot by photographer Steven Klein, are a series of photographs of the celebrity in a domestic setting carrying out daily tasks such a cleaning. A whole article on Madonna.com is dedicated to the photographs and the inspiration behind them. They talk about the campaign and the reason behind the choice of shoot, describing it as showing the iconic depictions of strong, tender and naturally beautiful women. (Milan, 2009) The article goes on to say, The intention of Dolce Gabbana is to recapture a womens human side, showcasing through these images how a womens femininity and sensuality can be found through the simplicity of daily gestures along with a passion for life. The new Dolce Gabbana campaign encourages a woman to cast aside fears of showcasing her femininity because it is where her true beauty resides. (Milan, 2009) Comments, made by Madonna fans, after the article read such things as really sensual and hot (Maverick78, 2009) and wow Madonna looks fabulous in the photograph a rustic charm (Lumb1, 2009). No one has seemed to have picked up on the fact that Madonna is in fact carrying out chores stereotyped to be a womens work and in fact appears to be representing everything feminism is against. This is because followers of fashion, whether a feminism or not are looking at the clothes she is wearing rather than the poses she is adapting. A caption from a website reads, Beautifully dressed and following the Italian family theme of the campaign, la Donna is giving her lowdown on how to wear unique tailored clothing at all occasions even the most unexpected ones. Indeed, you never know who will ring at the door while you are tidying up the house. Always prepared, always glamorous, as shown by Madonna, femininity and sensuality do not belong to specific time slots: it is a permanent state of dressing. (swide, 2010) Therefore it could be argued that, like the Tom Ford advertisement, this Dolce Gabbana one is simply a tongue in cheek take on feminism and the modern women, even taking Betty Friedans orgasm waxing the family-room floor (Friedan, 1963: Chapter 2) comment a little too literally. I am now going to move onto even more present day and the pop stars many of us idolise. Figure Four. Lady Gaga Telephone Video 2010 Figure Four. Lady Gaga Rolling Stone Cover 2010 Both of the above photographs are of current pop star Lady Gaga. Gaga is one of the biggest selling pop stars of the moment and idolised by girls, women, boys and men.The first photograph is a still from her music videoTelephone, official music video. The video starsthe pop star dancing around in not much clothing and acting provocative; parts of the video were in fact censored for more appropriate day time viewing. Gagas police caution tape costume, if you can call it that, was designed by L.A based designer Brian Lichtenberg. Although this costume can be viewed as shocking and shows women as more an object to stare at, an object of desire even to men, than a human being this outfit could also be seen as simply a way of self-expressionism. An interview between an editor of online Britannica encyclopedia and Philosopher Nancy Bauer talks about whether Gaga is in fact seen as a feminist figure. Bauer says of Gaga that, Lady Gaga strikes her fans as a liberating force: she seems to be able to transform what people ordinarily find oppressive into an opportunity for self-expression. You might say shes a specialist in the art of rack focus: she knows how to get a viewer to look at very familiar things in new and sometimes surprising ways. An obvious example is her outfitting herself in nothing but carefully placed police tape in the Telephone video. (Bauer 2010) Bauer also conducted an interview with Gaga herself who calls herself a bit of a feminist'(Bauer 2010) viewing feminists as a woman who is strong and powerful and has high self-esteem (Bauer 2010). The other photograph is from the cover of Rolling Stone magazine. This cover was shot by Terry Richardson, the man behind the Tom Ford 2008 advertisement campaign. Yet again she is dressed in next to nothing, looking very provocative. In the interview that accompanied the front cover she said in answer to one question that she considers herself to be a full on feminist. Bauer interpreted this as Gaga believing that one of being a feminist is to be a strong and powerful woman with high self-esteem is to talk brazenly and dress scantily, or at least in the way she does. (Bauer 2010) So in conclusion to my essay can you be a feminist and still be fashionable? I believe that you can. After all feminism is all about equal rights and women being able to be how they like and do as they please, being an individual. Fashion is an expression of individuality; it is the best way to show case to everyone around you that you are in fact an individual person. The models of the Tom Ford campaign, Madonna and Lady Gaga have not been told to act or dress that way they have chosen to do it, free will. After all fashion is a pleasure, and, I agree with Natasha Walter when she said that, Adult women were now free to choose to embrace aspects of femininity that second wave feminists had once seen as coercive, such as high heels and make-up (Walter, 2010: 129)

Social Constructs :: Sociology

Social Construct influences the extent in which we are healthy and physically active. It determines how we use health services, recreational facilities and sporting opportunities to our benefits. It also guides our response to health and physical activity challenges and how an individual views health as a social construct. The advantages of viewing health of an individual through social constructs have many reasons. Some being that it supports principles of diversity and social justice. Australia is diverse in terms of multiculturalism, socio-economic status and geographic location. Socio-economic status relates how much the individuals income is, their employment status, car/home ownership or their knowledge about health. Being geographically isolated means not having access to available health services. It is taken into account so that the individual has a sense of belonging and empowerment to improve their health. The individual should have a supportive environment so that changes can occur for the better and to ensure the individual develops a sense of ownership for their health. Another advantage would be that is recognises the interrelationships between socio-cultural and environmental factors that influence social constructs. Many cultural and environmental factors impact and influence in individual?s health. Some of these may include, the climatic conditions, physical environment which influences the health of the individual and what society and culture expects of them. Climatic conditions can have a big impact of an individual?s health because of the decreasing amount of space to do physical activity. Final advantage is that it challenges the notion that health is solely an individual?s responsibility. For improvements to be made in health, the individual has to take full responsibility and to agree that they are to be blamed for their poor health levels. Through influences of social constructs the individual should make informed decisions regarding their health and should be more motivated to facilitate change.